{"id":18885,"date":"2024-07-22T20:44:11","date_gmt":"2024-07-22T20:44:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.sinchisinchi.com\/kennis\/cacao-oorsprong\/olmeken-cacao\/"},"modified":"2026-03-04T21:02:39","modified_gmt":"2026-03-04T21:02:39","slug":"olmeken-cacao","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.sinchisinchi.com\/nl\/kennis\/cacao-oorsprong\/olmeken-cacao\/","title":{"rendered":"Olmeken cacao"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\">Oorsprong van cacao: de Olmeken<\/h1>\n<p>Tot voor kort werd gedacht dat de Olmeken de eersten waren die de cacaoboom cultiveerden, ongeveer 3000 jaar geleden, maar het lijkt erop dat, zoals we eerder opmerkten, bevestigd is dat sommige Amazonestammen het zaad ervan al gebruikten.<\/p>\n<p>Dankzij recente studies hebben we ook geleerd dat de Olmeken cacao als ceremoni\u00eble drank gebruikten, aangezien sporen van theobromine zijn gevonden in grote keramische vaten met tekeningen die archeologen als ceremoni\u00eble vaten hebben geclassificeerd.<\/p>\n<p>Eeuwen later verspreidde de cacaocultuur zich naar de Maya-beschaving (600 voor Christus) en de Mexica (1400 voor Christus).<\/p>\n<p>De oorsprong van de naam \u2018cacao\u2019 wordt toegeschreven aan de Olmeken-beschaving, die het naar verluidt \u2018kakawa\u2019 noemden.<\/p>\n\t<div class=\"img has-hover x md-x lg-x y md-y lg-y\" id=\"image_382189988\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"img-inner dark\" >\n\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1020\" height=\"1020\" src=\"https:\/\/www.sinchisinchi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Olmeca1.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.sinchisinchi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Olmeca1.webp 1024w, https:\/\/www.sinchisinchi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Olmeca1-600x600.webp 600w, https:\/\/www.sinchisinchi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Olmeca1-280x280.webp 280w, https:\/\/www.sinchisinchi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Olmeca1-768x768.webp 768w, https:\/\/www.sinchisinchi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Olmeca1-247x247.webp 247w, https:\/\/www.sinchisinchi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Olmeca1-510x510.webp 510w, https:\/\/www.sinchisinchi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Olmeca1-100x100.webp 100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1020px) 100vw, 1020px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<style>\n#image_382189988 {\n  width: 100%;\n}\n<\/style>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n\n\t<div id=\"gap-896393692\" class=\"gap-element clearfix\" style=\"display:block; height:auto;\">\n\t\t\n<style>\n#gap-896393692 {\n  padding-top: 30px;\n}\n<\/style>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n\n<p>De Olmeken-cultuur ontwikkelde zich in het oude Mexico, tijdens de Meso-Amerikaanse preklassieke periode (1200 tot 400 voor Christus), en wordt beschouwd als de voorloper van alle Meso-Amerikaanse culturen. Het belangrijkste dat deze beschaving achterliet waren de kolossale in steen uitgehouwen hoofden met een gewicht tot 26 ton.<\/p>\n<p>De monumentale complexen, hun massieve stenen sculpturen, de balspelen, het drinken van chocolade en de dierlijke goden waren kenmerken van de Olmeken-cultuur, die een directe invloed hadden op de rest van de Meso-Amerikaanse beschavingen die hen zouden opvolgen.<\/p>\n<p>Het grondgebied lag in het zuiden van de Golf van Mexico, tussen de huidige staten Veracruz en Tabasco. Zijn invloed en commerci\u00eble activiteiten breidden zich uit vanaf 1200 voor Christus en bereikten het huidige Nicaragua.<\/p>\n<p>De Olmeken zijn een mysterieuze beschaving: het is niet eens bekend hoe ze zichzelf noemden (Olmec is hun naam in Nahuatl, wat &#8216;inwoners van de rubberregio&#8217; betekent). Hun oorsprong, locatie en omvang van hun nederzettingen zijn onbekend.<\/p>\n<p>De Olmeken lieten verslagen achter van hun goden en religieuze praktijken, waarbij ze gebruik maakten van symbolen.<\/p>\n\t<div class=\"img has-hover x md-x lg-x y md-y lg-y\" id=\"image_1617341575\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"img-inner dark\" >\n\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1020\" height=\"510\" src=\"https:\/\/www.sinchisinchi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Olmeca6.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.sinchisinchi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Olmeca6.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/www.sinchisinchi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Olmeca6-600x300.jpeg 600w, https:\/\/www.sinchisinchi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Olmeca6-768x384.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/www.sinchisinchi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Olmeca6-247x124.jpeg 247w, https:\/\/www.sinchisinchi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Olmeca6-510x255.jpeg 510w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1020px) 100vw, 1020px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<style>\n#image_1617341575 {\n  width: 100%;\n}\n<\/style>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n\n\t<div id=\"gap-1375192739\" class=\"gap-element clearfix\" style=\"display:block; height:auto;\">\n\t\t\n<style>\n#gap-1375192739 {\n  padding-top: 30px;\n}\n<\/style>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n\n<p>Sporen van theobromine in keramische vaten uit San Lorenzo:<\/p>\n<p>Powis et al., (2011) ontdekten afzettingen van potscherven en vaten op de archeologische vindplaatsen van San Lorenzo en Manat\u00ed (1800-1000 v.Chr.).<\/p>\n<p>Er zijn kleine schepen gevonden; sommige met een wit oppervlak, gebruikt om cacaodranken te serveren, de containers zijn over het algemeen individueel van formaat. Kaolienaardewerk (witte klei) werd lokaal geproduceerd en naar andere regio&#8217;s ge\u00ebxporteerd.<\/p>\n<p>Middelgrote vaten werden gebruikt voor het serveren of offeren. Er zijn alleen exemplaren met gravures gevonden. Twee ervan presenteren motieven waarvan de betekenis verbonden is met de aarde en de lucht.<\/p>\n<p>Olmeken beeldje van de god van de cacao en Olmeken vat met overblijfselen van cacao<\/p>\n<p>Volgens de huidige hypothesen bereikten cacaodranken in de Middle Preclassic (1200-500 v.Chr.), tijdens de zogenaamde Olmec-horizon, Oaxaca, centraal Mexico en andere Meso-Amerikaanse regio&#8217;s. Afbeeldingen van de cacaoplant zijn gevonden in Teotihuacan-aardewerk en muurschilderingen uit de vroege klassieke periode (250-600 n.Chr.).<\/p>\n\t<div id=\"gap-60233342\" class=\"gap-element clearfix\" style=\"display:block; height:auto;\">\n\t\t\n<style>\n#gap-60233342 {\n  padding-top: 30px;\n}\n<\/style>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n\n\n  \n    <div class=\"row large-columns-4 medium-columns-3 small-columns-2\" >\n  <div class=\"gallery-col col\" >\n          <div class=\"col-inner\">\n            <a class=\"image-lightbox lightbox-gallery\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sinchisinchi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Olmeca1-1.webp\" title=\"\">            <div class=\"box has-hover gallery-box box-overlay dark\">\n              <div class=\"box-image image-cover\" style=\"padding-top:100%;\">\n                <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"600\" src=\"https:\/\/www.sinchisinchi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Olmeca1-1-600x600.webp\" class=\"attachment-medium 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size-medium\" alt=\"\" ids=\"18078,18084,18090,18096,18102,18108,18114,18120,18126\" image_height=\"100%\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.sinchisinchi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Olmeca8-1-600x338.jpeg 600w, https:\/\/www.sinchisinchi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Olmeca8-1-768x432.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/www.sinchisinchi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Olmeca8-1-247x139.jpeg 247w, https:\/\/www.sinchisinchi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Olmeca8-1-510x287.jpeg 510w, https:\/\/www.sinchisinchi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Olmeca8-1.jpeg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/>                                  <div class=\"overlay fill\"\n                      style=\"background-color: rgba(0,0,0,.15)\">\n                  <\/div>\n                                                              <\/div>\n              <div class=\"box-text text-left\" >\n                 <p>xr:d:DAF4wKHuFdk:7,j:192943138980316943,t:24010219<\/p>\n              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